Abstract

In this paper, two approaches are used to investigate the transformation of heavy and alkali metals during sewage sludge incineration: a thermodynamic equilibrium calculation and experiments using a bench-scale combustor. The distribution of heavy and alkali metals at different temperatures (800, 700, 600, 400, and 200 °C) is studied in these experiments. The chemical equilibrium calculation shows that vaporized metallic compounds form a condensed phase at different temperatures. The calculation results show that vaporized lead compounds begin to transfer to the solid phase at 500 °C. The main species of solid lead in the flue gas is PbCl2(s) below 500 °C. Zn and K have the same temperature range (300−500 °C), while the conversion temperature for As is 600 °C and that for Na and Cu is above 800 °C. The experimental results also prove the feasibility of separating heavy and alkali metals according to their gas−solid transformation temperature zones. On the basis of the experimental results, the optimum se...

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