Particulate Matter Reduction in Residual Biomass Combustion

Maulana G Nugraha,Ronnie Andersson,Harwin Saptoadi,Muslikhin Hidayat,Bengt Andersson

doi:10.3390/en14113341

Maulana G Nugraha, Ronnie Andersson + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14113341

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Abstract

Counteracting emissions of particulate matter (PM) is an increasingly important goal in sustainable biomass combustion. This work includes a novel approach to investigate the PM emissions, originating from residual biomass combustion, at different combustion conditions in a lab-scale grate-fired furnace and includes in situ PM measurements by using on-line sensors. The interior furnace design allows installation of baffles to suppress the emissions by controlling the residence time. Moreover, the two-thermocouple method is used to measure the true gas temperature, and an on-line spatially resolved PM measurement method is developed to study the evolution of the PM concentration throughout the furnace for different experimental conditions thereby allowing accurate in-situ measurement of the PM reactivity. Experimental results and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses are utilized in the current work to develop a kinetic model for reduction of particulate matter emissions in biomass combustion. The discrete particle model (DPM) is utilized in CFD analysis to improve the understanding of the particle temperature and residence time distribution which are difficult to quantify experimentally. By combining the experimental measurements of real soot formed during biomass combustion and information from the CFD analyses, a predictive kinetic model for PM10 reduction in biomass combustion is successfully developed.

Highlights

Biomass energy source is attracting worldwide attention since it is renewable, environmentally friendly, and has low greenhouse effect [1]
The result from the current study aims at providing a better understanding of how the conditions in the furnace affect particulate matter (PM) formation and how emissions can be reduced in the biomass combustion system
In the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis (Figure 5), several individual particles are identified attached to the filter fiber, which indicates the original form of PM in the system

Summary

Introduction

Biomass energy source is attracting worldwide attention since it is renewable, environmentally friendly, and has low greenhouse effect [1]. Further utilization of biomass energy source is still facing several obstacles. Those obstacles include slagging and deposition in the combustion facility and emission of toxic material to the environment like particulate matter (PM). Smoke from factory stacks, which indicate PM emissions to the environment, was a sign of prosperity. In time, it became a nuisance and a health concern [3]

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