Abstract
The present work is undertaken to investigate the aerosol volume and mass size distribution, concentration of Particulate Matter (PM) and its source apportionment by using GRIMM spectrometer data in the city of Peshawar, Northern Pakistan. In Peshawar, the concentration of Particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) was noticed to increase day by day due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. The use of several transportation activities, construction of buildings, roads and overhead bridges has badly affected the atmosphere of this region. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Model has been used to find out different sources of PM in Peshawar. The data were collected for twenty days in April 2011 for both morning and afternoon periods. It has been observed that the values of aerosol volume size distribution were almost high during morning and afternoon rush hours. The mean concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were determined to be 480 µg/m3 and 172 µg/m3, respectively. A reasonably significant correlation (R2 = 0.65) was also found between observed and expected PM mass. The PMF result revealed five (05) sources in Peshawar, which were re-suspended road/soil dust, vehicular, industrial, brick kiln emission and household combustion emission.
Highlights
Aerosols can be defined as the solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in gas (Reist, 1993; Hinds, 1999; Baron, 2001; Rodriguez et al, 2007; Alam et al, 2011b)
Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Model has been used to find out different sources of Particulate Matter (PM) in Peshawar
The main purpose of the present study is to find the aerosol particle size distribution, mass size distribution and concentration of particulate matter by using their optical and physical properties and to find the source apportionment of these particles for Peshawar city
Summary
Aerosols can be defined as the solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in gas (air) (Reist, 1993; Hinds, 1999; Baron, 2001; Rodriguez et al, 2007; Alam et al, 2011b). They are roughly classified as smoke, smog, fume, mist, clouds, haze, fog, etc. Due to their smaller size the aerosols ubiquity is high in the atmosphere and can be
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