Abstract
Objectives: To study the particularities of pregnancy and childbirth among adolescent girls at the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo (UTH-YO) of Ouagadougou. Patients and Method: This was a comparative, descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted over a 6-month period on 138 adolescent girls and 276 adults who gave birth in the obstetrics and gynecology department of the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo (UTH-YO) in Ouagadougou during the study period from May 1 to October 30, 2017. The statistical analysis had used the Chi square test and the strength of the association was appreciated by the Odds Ratio (OR). The significance threshold was set at 5%. Results: Adolescent girls had an average age of 17.04 ± 0.72 years and 64.49% were married. The majority came from urban areas and was educated. Housewives were more represented with 73.2% and 65.94% of adolescent girls were of low socio-economic status. Concerning the level of education, 48 (34.7%) were out of school, 57 (41.3%) had primary level, 32 (23.2%) secondary level and 1 (0.7%) higher level. Primigravida was the most numerous and only 39 adolescent girls used a contraceptive method. Malaria (p = 0.0247), preeclampsia (p = 0.0008) and anaemia (p = 0.0002) dominated pathologies during pregnancy in adolescent girls. The pelvis was borderline in 10.8% of adolescent girls. For newborns, teenage girls had a lower weight and an Apgar score of less than 7 higher. Perinatal mortality was higher (p = 0.0269). Postpartum outcomes were marked by complications with endometritis type (p = 0.0315) and higher maternal mortality (p = 0.0049). Conclusion: The teenagers’ pregnancy experience is marked by high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The promotion of contraception among adolescents should help to resolve this unpleasant situation.
Highlights
Adolescence is defined as the period of human growth and development between childhood and adulthood, that is, between the civilian ages of 10 and 19 [1]
Patients and Method: This was a comparative, descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted over a 6-month period on 138 adolescent girls and 276 adults who gave birth in the obstetrics and gynecology department of the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo (UTH-YO) in Ouagadougou during the study period from May 1 to October 30, 2017
We propose to describe the particularities of teenagers’ pregnancy and childbirth at the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouédraogo (UTH-YO) in the maternity ward in order to contribute to the fight against maternal mortality
Summary
Adolescence is defined as the period of human growth and development between childhood and adulthood, that is, between the civilian ages of 10 and 19 [1]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), pregnancy at this time is a public health problem in both developing and industrialized countries [2] [3]. In low and middle income countries, the risk of perinatal stillbirth would be higher among children born to adolescent mothers and their children would be more vulnerable to neonatal and paediatric pathologies [4]. For some authors such as Dedecker F. [6] in Congo, the risk of teenage pregnancy would vary according to the family, socio-economic, cultural and religious context.
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