Particle emissions of a TDI-engine with different lubrication oils

J Czerwinski,J.-L Pétermann,A Wichser,G Mueller,A Ulrich

doi:10.19206/ce-117405

Abstract

Due to increasing concern about health effects of fine and ultra-fine particles (nanoparticles) from combustion engines, the diesel particle filter technology (DPF) was extensively introduced to heavy duty and passenger cars in the last years. In this respect, a very important parameter is the irreversible plugging of the DPF with non-combustible ashes. The quality of lubrication oil, especially the ash content has a certain influence on regeneration intervals of diesel particle filters. In the present study, the effects of different lubrication oils on particle mass and nano-particle size distribution were investigated. The test engine was a modern diesel engine without particle filter system. A main goal was to find out, how different lubrication oils influence the particulate emissions and the contribution of oil to total particle emissions. Moreover, first results of a tracing study will be discussed. The comparison of a non-doped lubrication oil with a doped oil should enlighten the contribution of the oil to the particle formation. It has been shown that beside sulphur content the particle emission is also effected by the composition (e.g. additive packages) of the oils.

Highlights

Quality and consumption of lubrication oil was recognized as an important factor for diesel particle filter technology (DPF) in the Swiss activities about retrofitting of construction machines and city busses with DPF systems [1][2][3][4]
The effects of different lubrication oils on particle mass and particle size distribution is of major interest
Lowering the ash content of the lubrication oil without deteriorating the oil characteristics and durability is a difficult balance between the contradictory exigencies, which is a challenge joined with DPF technology

Summary

Introduction

Quality and consumption of lubrication oil was recognized as an important factor for diesel particle filter technology (DPF) in the Swiss activities about retrofitting of construction machines and city busses with DPF systems [1][2][3][4]. Ekologia/Ecology cz1ce procedury weryfikacyjnej VERT**) technologii DPF [2], chines, it was already observed that different lubrication oils [3], [6], [7], [8], [9], prowadzonej na silniku Liebherr stosowa- provoke different particle emissions. Równoczeœnie rejestrowano sygna3y zbierane przez urz1dzenie NanoMet. W metodzie wagowej czas poboru próbki na filtrach zale¿a3 od punktu pracy silnika i zawiera siê w granicach 10 do 40 minut, tak aby uzyskaæ co najmniej 1 mg badanej masy z filtra do dalszej analizy. The spectrometers used for determinations of the aqueous digestion solutions were a quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (q-ICP-MS) ELAN 6000 (Perkin Elmer/Sciex) and a high resolution magnetic sector field ICP-MS ELEMENT II (Thermofinnigan) both operated under standard hot plasma conditions. Elemental determinations in diesel samples have been performed with a radial inductively plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) VistaPro (Varian). Chlorine and sulphur were directly determined using a Philips PW-1400 wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometer (WDXRF)

Procedures of Investigation

Results

Conclusions