Abstract
Atmospheric dispersion modeling, traditionally inclined towards gaseous dispersion, has undergone significant evolution in capturing the intricacies of particle dispersion in urban and open environments. This comprehensive review explores the nuances of particle-gas interactions, highlighting discrepancies in correlations between their concentrations, influenced by factors such as turbulence and multiple emission sources. The research accentuates the intriguing dynamics between PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, suggesting the viability of models based on passive scalars for such particles in open environments. However, a marked challenge emerges in modeling particle number concentration, necessitating the integration of aerosol dynamics modules. Emphasizing the diversity of model types, this paper elucidates the specific requirements across varying spatial scales, identifying gaps in understanding particle dispersion and aerosol dynamics. The review critically assesses the performance of notable models, highlighting the paramount importance of quality data sources and underscoring the need for more dedicated focus on particle dynamics beyond mass predictions. Through a synthesis of existing literature and model evaluations, this review seeks to guide future research endeavors, fostering advancements in atmospheric dispersion modeling.
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