Abstract
The article aims to explain the popularity of studying particles in present-day Russian and foreign linguistics. A comparative analysis of various approaches to the study of particles proved their importance in language structure, and the linguistic concept created by the Russian scientist and systemologist I. Melnikov allowed to define the internal determinant of the language using functional words, namely, particles, as one of the subsystem elements responsible for the stability of the supersystem and the whole system work. Due to different external and internal factors influencing on the development of the Russian and English languages, the formation of particles as a wordclass is different. Russian particles are recognized as a functional class because it is impossible to express the communicative content of the utterance, the attitude to the content without their participation, which determines the event determinant and the dynamic deployment of perception, whether language units acting as particles in the English language have polystatuting, depending on the semantic and syntactic environment, which characterises the occasional determinant and static, descriptive perception.
Highlights
The study of Russian and English “particles” has been uninterrupted for more than two centuries and has involved both Russian and foreign researchers because particles are capable of conveying numerous semantic and emotional nuances though being such small units in size
Researches in linguistics are filled with new unexplored aspects, allowing to penetrate deeper into the nature of these special words, indicating their non-random appearance and development in the language system
The comparative analysis of particle researches in the Russian language based on the works of such Russian scientists as Vinogradov, Muminov, Alpatov, Nikolaeva, Starodumova, Minchenkov et al, and P-forms, particle constructions based on the works of western researchers such as Locke, Bolinger, Lindner, Lakoff, O’Dowd, Debra, Capelle and others allowed to identify the causes of different approaches in the study of particles in compared Indo-European languages
Summary
The study of Russian and English “particles” has been uninterrupted for more than two centuries and has involved both Russian and foreign researchers because particles are capable of conveying numerous semantic and emotional nuances though being such small units in size. Researches in linguistics are filled with new unexplored aspects, allowing to penetrate deeper into the nature of these special words, indicating their non-random appearance and development in the language system. Considering Russian and English particles from different sides, modern researchers note their special position in the language, connecting them with the peculiarities of the language system. Linguists do not refer to the linguistic concept of the Russian scientist G.P. Melnikov, regarded as the creator of system linguistics whose work should expand the research field of specific linguistics (English and Russian) in the study of Markova E.A. Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices, 2019, 16 (1), 84—94 functional words, namely, particles, as special indicators in the identity of the language communicative aspect
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