Abstract
A major challenge in enhancing the resilience of communities stems from current approaches used to identify needs and strategies that build the capacity of jurisdictions to mitigate loss and improve recovery. A new generation of resilience-based planning processes has emerged in the last several years that integrate goals of community well-being and identity into recovery-based performance measurement frameworks. Specific tools and refined guidance are needed to facilitate evidence-based development of recovery estimates. This article presents the participatory modeling process, a planning system designed to develop recovery-based resilience measurement frameworks for community resilience planning initiatives. Stakeholder engagement is infused throughout the participatory modeling process by integrating disaster recovery simulation modeling into community resilience planning. Within the process, participants get a unique opportunity to work together to deliberate on community concerns through facilitated participatory modeling. The participatory modeling platform combines the DESaster recovery simulation model and visual analytics interfaces. DESaster is an open source Python Library for creating discrete event simulations of disaster recovery. The simulation model was developed using a human-centered design approach whose goal is to be open, modular, and extensible. The process presented in this article is the first participatory modeling approach for analyzing recovery to aid creation of community resilience measurement frameworks.
Highlights
A growing number of jurisdictions are conducting resilience planning initiatives that engage a broad range of stakeholders to identify needs and strategies to mitigate impacts from extreme hazard events and improve recovery from disasters
Within a simulation modeling context, this hyperdimensionality explodes with the creation of alternative ‘‘what if’’ scenarios, for example to determine a community’s expected and target recovery capacities as part of a resilience planning process informed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) guide
Collaboration and stakeholder engagement are infused throughout the presented participatory modeling process for integrating disaster recovery simulation into community resilience planning
Summary
A growing number of jurisdictions are conducting resilience planning initiatives that engage a broad range of stakeholders to identify needs and strategies to mitigate impacts from extreme hazard events and improve recovery from disasters. The framework’s intent is to have community representatives and external stakeholders directly involved in the design, use, and evaluation of recovery simulation modeling in order to envision plausible disaster recovery trajectories related to future hazard events. It incorporates a participatory modeling approach for analyzing recovery to aid the deliberation of community resilience measurement frameworks. The fourth section of the article analyzes the state-of-the-art of disaster recovery modeling to consider how modeling can be integrated in a community resilience planning process that generally follows the NIST guide. The seventh section details a high-level process agenda for utilizing a participatory modeling approach to develop community resilience measurement frameworks
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