Abstract
BackgroundAlthough many physical activity (PA) programs have been implemented and tested for effectiveness, high participation levels are needed in order to achieve public health impact. This study aimed to determine participation levels of PA programs aimed to improve PA among community-dwelling older adults.MethodsWe searched five databases up until March 2013 (PubMed, PubMed publisher, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science) to identify English-written studies investigating the effect of PA programs on at least one component of PA (e.g. frequency, duration) among community-dwelling populations (i.e. not in a primary care setting and/or assisted living or nursing home) of persons aged 55 years and older. Proportions of participants starting and completing the PA programs (initial and sustained participation, respectively) were determined.ResultsThe search strategy yielded 11,994 records of which 16 studies were included reporting on 17 PA programs. The number of participants enrolled in the PA programs ranged between 24 and 582 persons. For 12 PA programs it was not possible to calculate initial participation because the number of older adults invited to participate was unknown due to convenience sampling. Of the five remaining programs, mean initial participation level was 9.2% (±5.7%). Mean sustained participation level of all 17 programs was 79.8% (±13.2%).ConclusionsUnderstanding how to optimize initial participation of older adults in PA programs deserves more attention in order to improve the population impact of PA programs for community-dwelling older adults.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1301) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Many physical activity (PA) programs have been implemented and tested for effectiveness, high participation levels are needed in order to achieve public health impact
Sixteen studies reporting on 17 PA programs, were included which were published between 2002 and 2013 since no studies prior to this time met the inclusion criteria (Figure 1)
Initial and sustained participation The number of participants enrolled in the PA programs ranged between 24 and 582, with a mean of 174 (±165)
Summary
Many physical activity (PA) programs have been implemented and tested for effectiveness, high participation levels are needed in order to achieve public health impact. High initial and sustained participation in PA programs is important for achieving public health impact [7]. A systematic review was conducted to determine participation levels of PA programs aimed to improve PA among communitydwelling older adults aged 55 years and older. It was investigated what program characteristics and characteristics of participants distinct PA programs van der Deijl et al BMC Public Health 2014, 14:1301 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/14/1301 with higher participation levels from PA programs with lower participation levels
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