Abstract
An increasing number of studies are evidencing relationships between physical activity (PA) and the mathematical performance of early school students. This is not surprising due to the fact that children grow in all areas simultaneously and their motor and intellectual developments determine each other. Nevertheless, such an approach of combining mathematics education with physical exercises, in addition through play, which is the basis of children’s activity and the preferred way of spending time, is still rare at schools. In response to this problem, “Eduball” has been created, which is an educational ball with printed letters, numbers, and other signs used for team mini-games. Surprisingly, despite the studies on general usefulness of Eduball in preschool and early-school education and the effects of physical exercise classes carried out using these balls, still little is known about their impact on mathematical development. Here, we investigate the relationships between the use of Eduball and the acquisition of mathematical knowledge and skills by children. We used a quantitative approach in the form of an experiment in natural settings in which 7-year-old students (first grade) took part (N = 25). For the purposes of this experiment, we created scenarios of physical exercise classes integrated with mathematical contents that used Eduball. Mathematical knowledge and skills were assessed by one of the commonly used tests. The results were compared with the data from the control group of traditional physical education classes (N = 22). As assumed, after a 1-year experiment, students from both groups improved their results, but we found a greater progress in terms of mathematical knowledge and skills in the experimental class compared to the control one. Eduball particularly affected competences related to such mathematical categories as: sets and their elements, multiplication and division, geometric shapes and measuring length, and measuring volume and mass. In sum, our results show that physical exercise classes that used Eduball stimulate the acquisition of mathematical competences by students and, consequently, confirm that there is a strong relation of physical and mathematical development. Therefore, there is a need to review children’s educational models, as well as primary school curricula, to combine physical and cognitive activities.
Highlights
It is well-established that physical activity (PA) during education time can be beneficial for children’s academic performance (Beck et al, 2016; Donnelly et al, 2016; Watson et al, 2017; MullenderWijnsma et al, 2019; Norris et al, 2019; Vaquero-Solis et al, 2020)
Differences between the mean results obtained by the students from the experimental and control classes in the first examination were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), contrary to the second examination, where a significant difference was observed in favor of the experimental class (U = 120.50, p < 0.001, r = 0.48)
Each student from the experimental class solved at the end of the school year one task more than at the beginning of the year
Summary
It is well-established that physical activity (PA) during education time can be beneficial for children’s academic performance (Beck et al, 2016; Donnelly et al, 2016; Watson et al, 2017; MullenderWijnsma et al, 2019; Norris et al, 2019; Vaquero-Solis et al, 2020). It was recognized that schools should find more opportunities for increased PA within the elementary school day for many health benefits (Mendo-Lazaro et al, 2017; Bartholomew et al, 2018). This new way of teaching – physically active lessons (PAL), in which physical exercises are integrated into academic lessons – may provide an opportunity to increase school-based PA while concurrently having a positive impact on academicrelated outcomes (Watson et al, 2017). PAL is a promising new way of teaching mathematics but the question is how to best incorporate PA into schools
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
