Abstract
Proteins from fresh New Zealand green-lipped mussels were hydrolyzed for 240 min using pepsin and alcalase. The extent of the hydrolysis, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of each protein hydrolysate were investigated. Peptides obtained from pepsin hydrolysis after 30 min, named GPH, exhibited the highest antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activity, but no antimicrobial activity. Purification of the GPH using gel-filtration chromatography revealed that the protein fraction (GPH-IV*) containing peptides with a molecular weight (MW) below 5 kDa had the strongest antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activities. Further purification was done using reverse-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) and the only major peak obtained (GPH-IV*-P2) had the highest antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activity. From this fraction, several bioactive peptides with an MW ≈ 5 kDa were identified using LC-MS and in silico analyses. This research highlights that green-lipped mussel protein hydrolysates could be used as a good source of bioactive peptides with potential therapeutic applications.
Highlights
Green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) is a bivalve mollusk endemic to New Zealand
Several studies related to the production of bioactive peptides from the marine mussel proteins revealed that enzymatic hydrolysis was one of the cheapest and most reliable methods of producing bioactive peptides [2,3,4,5]
The results obtained for the pepsin hydrolysis indicated that within 30 min, the mussel protein was hydrolyzed to an extent of 5.45 ± 0.02%, after which it gradually increased to 6.90 ± 0.03% at
Summary
Green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) is a bivalve mollusk endemic to New Zealand. It is a well-known staple food of the Māori population living in the coastal regions. The enzymatic digestion of the mussel proteins is well-known to produce potential bioactive peptides with 2–30 amino acids, enhancing their absorption into the intestine. This could favor the direct entry of the peptides into the circulatory system and exert the necessary biological responses at the target site [6]. To our knowledge, no such information is available in the literature on New Zealand green-lipped mussels (GLM)
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