Abstract
The materials for large scale fused filament fabrication (FFF) are not yet designed to resist thermal degradation. This research presents a novel polymer blend of polylactic acid with polypropylene for FFF, purposefully designed with minimum feasible chemical grafting and overwhelming physical interlocking to sustain thermal degradation. Multi-level general full factorial ANOVA is performed for the analysis of thermal effects. The statistical results are further investigated and validated using different thermo-chemical and visual techniques. For example, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyzes the effects of blending and degradation on intermolecular interactions. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigates the nature of blending (grafting or interlocking) and effects of degradation on thermal properties. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) validates the extent of chemical grafting and physical interlocking detected in FTIR and DSC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to analyze the morphology and phase separation. The novel approach of overwhelmed physical interlocking and minimum chemical grafting for manufacturing 3D printing blends results in high structural stability (mechanical and intermolecular) against thermal degradation as compared to neat PLA.
Highlights
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) or fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a renowned additive manufacturing (AM) technique [1,2]
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A chemical approach of a partially compatible blend with overwhelmed physical interlocking is presented for a novel blend of Polylactic acid (PLA)/PP/PE-g-MAH for fused filament fabrication (FFF)
Summary
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) or fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a renowned additive manufacturing (AM) technique [1,2]. FFF is common among the commercial and domestic users due to its various benefits like low cost, good resolution, high mechanical properties, etc. The FFF is considered as one of the potential techniques in AM for large-scale applications [6,7,8]. In this regard, the pioneering work is reported as big area additive manufacturing (BAAP) that utilizes acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) with carbon fibers [9]. The mechanical stability of any FFF material in terms of strength has not yet been evaluated in severe environments like high temperature
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