Partial Nephrectomy for Unilateral Wilms Tumor: Results of Study SIOP 93–01/GPOH

Abstract

We evaluate results and long-term outcome after partial nephrectomy (PN) for unilateral Wilms tumor (ulWT) in relation to different histological features, performed as initial surgery or after induction chemotherapy (ChT). Data from patients with ulWT who had undergone PN in the German Study SIOP 93-01/GPOH were analyzed for time of surgery in the treatment schedule, postoperative stage, histological features, surgical radicality and outcome. The results were correlated with overall survival and relapse-free survival, and compared with those of patients who had undergone total tumor nephrectomy (TN). A total of 770 patients underwent TN and 37 underwent PN, of which 766 (99.5%) and 36 (97.3%), respectively, were radical procedures. A total of 139 TNs and 15 PNs were performed at primary surgery, 630 TNs and 22 PNs after ChT, and 1 TN after irradiation. Two of 15 patients following primary PN and 1 of 22 following delayed PN had local recurrence. Two patients died of metastatic disease. Tumor stage, overall survival of 93% and relapse-free survival of 88% were equal after PN and TN in analysis of the whole group. This was also true for patients with surgery after ChT. One of 2 patients with histologically unfavorable disease had relapse after PN compared to only 3 of 35 patients with histologically low or intermediate risk disease. PN should be performed only for small, histologically low or intermediate risk tumors after good response to ChT to secure a complete resection.