Abstract
Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins are transcription factors transiently activated by different ligands such as cytokines, growth factors, or peptides, which trigger intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation along the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Phosphorylated STAT induces target gene expression, influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The activation of STATs is strictly regulated, whereas their deregulation leads to several disorders, ranging from susceptibility to infection, autoimmunity, and growth impairment.
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