Abstract

This paper will examine Indian medical knowledge and practices described by priests and chroniclers during the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. Writings from the sixteenth century deal primarily with Indian medicine as it existed prior to contact. Most of the sources are from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and describe surviving Indian herbal medical lore. Much of this was similar or identical to that of pre‐Hispanic times, but by the seventeenth century some medical concepts and practices had been lost. By this time Indian and Spanish medical systems had begun to influence and borrow from each other. I will first reconstruct what is known of aboriginal medicine in the highlands and then discuss changes which occurred as a result of the Spanish Conquest.

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