Part 2. Carcass composition and fatty acid profiles of adipose tissue of male goats: effects of genotype and liveweight at slaughter

Abstract

The dissected carcass composition and fatty acid profiles of intermuscular fat from 110 male goat kids from six genotypes i.e. Boer×Angora (BA), Boer×Feral (BF), Boer×Saanen (BS), Feral×Feral (FF), Saanen×Angora (SA) and Saanen×Feral (SF) and two slaughter weight groups i.e. Capretto and Chevon (liveweight at slaughter 14–22 and 30–35 kg, respectively) were compared. Carcass tissue distribution for various genotypes was: muscle (63–66%), fat (10–13%) and bone (21–24%). Genotype significantly ( P<0.05) influenced the carcass composition; BA and FF carcasses had significantly higher muscle to bone ratio, while carcasses from BS kids were leaner compared to other genotypes. However, the two slaughter weight groups did not differ significantly ( P>0.05) in terms of carcass composition, when compared at the same carcass weight. In the present study, significant ( P<0.01) correlations were observed between percentage of muscle, fat and bone in most of the primal cuts and that in the carcass side. The main saturated fatty acids (SFAs) identified were palmitic (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0), while oleic acid (18:1, ω9) was the main unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) in the intermuscular fat from goat kids. There were significant ( P<0.05) differences between genotypes in the proportions of individual fatty acids. Adipose tissue from BS kids had significantly higher UFAs (mainly oleic acid) and thus had a significantly lower melting point compared to other genotypes. There were significantly higher proportions of palmitic acid (35%) in the adipose tissue from Capretto kids compared to that from Chevon kids (22%). The concentration of UFAs increased in the adipose tissue from Capretto to Chevon carcasses.