Parody, Performance and Self-Defence: William Hone's Ancient Mysteries Described (1823)

Abstract

Although unmentioned in most studies of medieval English drama, William Hone, radical publisher and parodist, was first to respond critically to the early mystery plays in a book titled Ancient Mysteries Described , first published at his own press in 1823. Already a national hero famous for three trials and acquittals on charges of seditious blasphemy, Hone had researched the mystery plays in the British Library as part of his official self-defence in arguing the rich, varied and time-honoured tradition of popular parody and its positive effects on society. But beyond the necessities of his legal defence, Hone also found himself operating within new critical territory in relation to the mystery plays. This essay combines close focus on Hone's printed text as well as broader consideration of his effect on the culture of his time as a critic from the lower class in conflict with received authority.