Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) produces autonomic changes, indicating lower parasympathetic modulation and global variability, but these changes need further studying regarding geometric methods. To investigate the autonomic modulation in individuals with PD using heart rate variability (HRV) indices obtained through geometric methods. This is a cross-sectional study that assessed 50 individuals, split into two groups: PD group (PDG; n=26; 75.36±5.21 years) and control group (CG; n=24; 75.36±5.21 years). We evaluated the autonomic modulation by measuring the heart rate beat-to-beat for 30 min with the individual in supine rest using a heart rate monitor and assessed geometric indices (RRtri, TINN, SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2 ratio, and qualitative analysis of the Poincaré plot). Significant reductions were found in RRtri, TINN, SD1, and SD2 indices among PDG compared to CG. Regarding the SD1/SD2 ratio, no significant changes were detected between the groups. The Poincaré plot demonstrated that individuals with PD had lower beat-to-beat dispersion in RR intervals, in addition to greater long-term dispersion of RR intervals compared to CG. The results suggest a reduction in the parasympathetic autonomic modulation and global variability in individuals with PD compared to controls, regardless of sex, age, and body mass index.
Highlights
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is divided into three parts: sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric[1]
This work aims at contributing to the literature on the current theme by evaluating the autonomic modulation in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) through heart rate variability (HRV) indices obtained by geometric methods (RRtri, TINN, and Poincaré plots)
Overweight[15], prehypertension[17], absence of cognitive deficits[12], and PD group (PDG) individuals were identified in stage two of PD11
Summary
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is divided into three parts: sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric[1] Dysfunctions in these systems can cause distinct signs and symptoms, such as parasympathetic cholinergic failure, leading to urinary retention; sympathetic cholinergic failure, promoting a decline in sweating; sympathetic noradrenergic failure, causing orthostatic hypotension; enteric dysfunction, reducing peristalsis and, resulting in constipation[2]. Several of these changes are found in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Conclusions: The results suggest a reduction in the parasympathetic autonomic modulation and global variability in individuals with PD compared to controls, regardless of sex, age, and body mass index
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