Park Area and Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents: Findings From the Healthy Communities Study.

Abstract

There is currently a nationwide effort to bring parks and green spaces within a 10-minute walk of the home. We examined the association between park area within 1km of a child's residence and self-reported park-specific physical activity (PA) along with accelerometer-derived moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). A subsample of K through eighth-grade youth (n = 493) from the Healthy Communities Study reported whether they engaged in park-specific PA during the last 24hours and wore an accelerometer for up to 7days. Park area was defined as the percentage of park land in a 1km Euclidean buffer around the participant's residence, categorized into quintiles. Analysis consisted of logistic and linear regression modeling with interaction effects that controlled for clustering within communities. Regression models estimated greater park-specific PA for participants in the fourth and fifth quintiles of park land. Age, sex, race ethnicity, and family income were unrelated to park-specific PA. Accelerometer analysis indicated that total MVPA was unrelated to park area. Older children (β = -8.73, P < .001) and girls (β = -13.44, P < .001) engaged in less MVPA. Seasonality significantly predicted both park-specific PA and total MVPA. Increasing park area is likely to improve youth PA patterns, lending support for the 10-minute walk initiative.