Abstract
There is growing interest in nutrition therapies that deliver a generous amount of protein, but not a toxic amount of energy, to protein-catabolic critically ill patients. Parenteral amino acids can achieve this goal. This article summarizes the biochemical and nutritional principles that guide parenteral amino acid therapy, explains how parenteral amino acid solutions are formulated, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different parenteral amino acid products with enterally-delivered whole protein products in the context of protein-catabolic critical illness.
Highlights
There is growing interest in nutrition therapies that deliver a generous amount of protein, butAbstract: not a toxic amount of energy, to in protein-catabolic critically ill patients
The amino acid mixtures used in parenteral nutrition (PN) compensate for their lack of glutamine by including sufficiently large amounts of glycine and other NEAAs [2]
As long as the diet contains a sufficient amount of methionine or phenylalanine cysteine or tyrosine deficiencies should not develop, because these amino acids are on the obligatory catabolic pathways of their corresponding essential amino acid precursors
Summary
Peptide bond formation is a dehydration reaction For this reason, free amino acids contain less. For this reason, free amino acids contain less protein substrate, and less energy, than the proteins they create [1]. 100 g100 of hydrated mixed acidsless provide lessand energy and protein substrate than formed protein. Protein substrate and energy than the same weight of formed protein
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