Parental selection of hybrid breeding based on maternal and paternal inheritance of traits in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.).

Meng-Xiang Sun,Chuchuan Fan,Nailin Xing,Yongming Zhou

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103165

Meng-Xiang Sun, Chuchuan Fan + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103165

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Journal: PloS one	Publication Date: Jul 25, 2014
Citations: 21	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Huazhong Agricultural University

Abstract

Parental selection is crucial for hybrid breeding, but the methods available for such a selection are not very effective. In this study, a 6×6 incomplete diallel cross was designed using 12 rapeseed germplasms, and a total of 36 hybrids together with their parental lines were planted in 4 environments. Four yield-related traits and seed oil content (OC) were evaluated. Genetic distance (GD) was estimated with 359 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers. Heterosis levels, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were evaluated. GD was found to have a significant correlation with better-parent heterosis (BPH) of thousand seed weight (TSW), SCA of seeds per silique (SS), TSW, and seed yield per plant (SY), while SCA showed a statistically significant correlation with heterosis levels of all traits at 1% significance level. Statistically significant correlations were also observed between GCA of maternal or paternal parents and heterosis levels of different traits except for SS. Interestingly, maternal (TSW, SS, and OC) and paternal (siliques per plant (SP) and SY) inheritance of traits was detected using contribution ratio of maternal and paternal GCA variance as well as correlations between GCA and heterosis levels. Phenotype and heterosis levels of all the traits except TSW of hybrids were significantly correlated with the average performance of parents. The correlations between SS and SP, SP and OC, and SY and OC were statistically significant in hybrids but not in parents. Potential applications of parental selection in hybrid breeding were discussed.

Highlights

Plant breeding currently faces the daunting task of meeting the challenges posed by global climate change and a growing need for food supply and bioenergy
The additive, dominant and additive by additive interaction effects were statistically significant for all traits at the 1% significance level, except for the additive effect of seed yield per plant (SY), dominant effect of seeds per silique (SS) and additive by additive effect (AA) of siliques per plant (SP) and thousand seed weight (TSW) (Table 3)
These results indicated that SY of hybrid was mainly controlled by the dominant and epistasis effects, SS was mainly controlled by the additive and epistasis effects, SP was mainly controlled by the dominant effect, and TSW and oil content (OC) were mainly controlled by the additive effect

Summary

Introduction

Plant breeding currently faces the daunting task of meeting the challenges posed by global climate change and a growing need for food supply and bioenergy. It is necessary to explore efficient methods that could predict hybrid performance in the parental generation. In the past two decades, a number of studies have been reported that investigated methods for hybrid performance prediction in rapeseed. Diers et al reported that GD was significantly correlated only with heterosis of seed yield in inbred diallel combinations, but not with cultivar diallel [12]. Qian et al found no significant correlations between heterosis and GD, but significant correlations between general combining abilities (GCA) and hybrid performance [13]. Teklewold and Becker, and Devi and Singh both found significant correlations between combining abilities and hybrid performance [14,15]. No effective method of parental selection has been proposed through GD and combining abilities in hybrid breeding

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