Parental Overinvolvement: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

This qualitative study examines the cognitive, emotional, and relational characteristics among biological, foster, or adoptive parents viewed as over-involved by 15 well-regarded professionals and 30 peer-nominated mental health clinicians (perceived as the “best available” professionals in the service of adults with developmental disabilities). Results suggest that over-involved parents (a) have tunnel vision in their outlook; (b) overemphasize the functional age of their adult child at the expense of the chronological age; (c) believe they need to be involved in every decision; (d) make decisions based on their own personal needs; (e) distrust providers; (f) have not processed their grief; (g) exhibit anger and frustration and are rarely satisfied; (h) exhibit poor communication skills; and (i) are inconsistent and demanding. The interview data also revealed cognitive, emotional, and relational characteristics among those viewed as healthy parents. As a result, healthy parents (a) express appreciation (b) encourage risk-taking; (c) place value on the adult son’s or daughter’s chronological age; (d) hold a realistic view of adult child’s goals; (e) accept mistakes; (f) are emotionally independent; (g) are guided by facts rather than emotions; (h) live balanced and satisfied lives; (i) possess strong communication skills; (j) demonstrate flexibility; and (k) believe in the importance of a good working alliance. Strategies for clinicians to educate parents and recommendations for future research are discussed.