Abstract
Nonhereditary factors play an important role in the occurrence of congenital heart disease (CHD). This study was to explore the possible parental nonhereditary exposure factors relevant to the occurrence of CHD in the northeastern Sichuan area. A total of 367 children with CHD and 367 children without congenital malformations aged 0 to 14 years old were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College and Nanchong Central Hospital between March 2016 and November 2018. This study was designed as a case-control study with 1:1 frequency matching, in which the parents of cases and controls were interviewed with the same questionnaire according to the gestational age of the child, maternal age during pregnancy and the same maternal race/ethnicity. Then, 322 matched case-control pairs were analysed by SPSS 22. Thirty-one suspicious factors were entered into the binary logistic regression analysis after univariate regression analysis of 55 factors (alpha = 0.05). The analysis results showed that 7 factors were significantly associated with the occurrence of CHD. Thus, augmenting maternal mental healthcare, improving the quality of drinking water, obtaining adequate nutrition, maintaining a healthy physical condition during pregnancy, enhancing parents’ level of knowledge and maintaining a healthy lifestyle may lower the occurrence of CHD.
Highlights
Nonhereditary factors play an important role in the occurrence of congenital heart disease (CHD)
The 322 matched case-control pairs were analysed by SPSS from the original cases in the study population (Tables 1 and 2)
The analysis results showed that 7 factors were significantly associated with the occurrence of CHD: maternal adverse emotions during pregnancy (OR = 2.650, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.903~3.692), maternal exposure to polluted water (OR = 2.205, 95% CI: 1.240~3.921), paternal active smoking (OR = 1.967, 95% CI: 1.357~2.850), maternal severe vomiting (OR = 1.911, 95% CI: 1.067~3.424), maternal chronic diseases during pregnancy (OR = 1.852, 95% CI: 1.012~3.387), maternal nutrition supplementation during pregnancy (OR = 0.588, 95% CI: 0.412~0.841), and paternal education level (OR = 0.585, 95% CI: 0.405~0.845) (Table 4)
Summary
Nonhereditary factors play an important role in the occurrence of congenital heart disease (CHD). This study was to explore the possible parental nonhereditary exposure factors relevant to the occurrence of CHD in the northeastern Sichuan area. Nonhereditary factors play an important role in the occurrence of CHD, including physical, chemical, biological, psychological and other factors[3]. Because the living environment and lifestyle of people in different areas are quite different, it is of great clinical and epidemiological significance to study the main nonhereditary risk factors of CHD in specific areas. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible parental nonhereditary exposure factors relevant to the occurrence of CHD in the northeastern Sichuan area, evaluate the relative importance of each risk factor, and provide scientific guidelines for CHD prevention
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