Abstract
Anthidium septemspinosum is a solitary, tube-nesting bee. Studies onA. septemspinosum were made to investigate how offspring sex ratios were influenced by maternal conditions. Males were generally larger than females, indicating that parental investment between sexes differed. Body size was related to male mating success, but was not related to nesting success of females. Large and young mother bees, who had more ability to invest, invested more in male offspring while small and old mothers invested more in female offspring. These results indicate that mother bees of this species are able to adaptively manipulate offspring sex ratio in relation to their ability to invest in offspring, as predicted in mammals by Trivers & Willard (1973).
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