Parent Gender Affects the Influence of Parent Emotional Eating and Feeding Practices on Child Emotional Eating.

Shaina D Trevino,Elizabeth L Budd,Nichole R Kelly,Nicole R Giuliani

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.654237

Shaina D Trevino, Elizabeth L Budd + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.654237

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Abstract

Extant research supports a direct association between parent’s own emotional eating and their child’s emotional eating, and demonstrates correlations among parent emotional eating, feeding practices, and child emotional eating. However, the majority of this work focuses on the separate influences of these factors. The current study aims to add to the literature by simultaneously examining the indirect effects of three major parental feeding practices (i.e., emotion regulation, instrumental, and restrictive feeding) in the association between parent emotional eating and child emotional eating, and exploring how these indirect effects vary based on parent gender. Parents (86 fathers, 324 mothers) of an elementary school-age child (M = 8.35, SD = 2.29, range = 5–13) completed an online survey through Qualtrics Panels. Results suggested that restrictive feeding partially accounted for the association between parent and child emotional eating in the combined sample of mothers and fathers. Exploratory analyses revealed that the indirect effects of parental feeding practices in the association between parent emotional eating and child emotional eating varied based on parent gender. Among mothers, restrictive feeding was the only feeding practice that partially accounted for the association between maternal and child emotional eating, whereas all three feeding practices fully accounted for the association between father and child emotional eating. As the bulk of the literature on parent emotional eating and feeding has solely focused on mothers, these findings offer insight into how feeding practices may differentially function in the relation between parent emotional eating and child emotional eating for mothers versus fathers.

Highlights

BackgroundEmotional eating is characterized by eating in response to emotions instead of internal hunger cues (Bruch, 1964)
The current study examined the role of various feeding practices in the association between parent emotional eating and child emotional eating, and explored how the indirect effect of these feeding practices differed according to parent gender
This study builds upon the previous literature by being the first to simultaneously compare the indirect effects of these common parental feeding practices in the association between parent and child emotional eating during middle childhood

Summary

Introduction

BackgroundEmotional eating is characterized by eating in response to emotions instead of internal hunger cues (Bruch, 1964). Emotional eating is associated with overeating (van Strien et al, 2005), as well as other disordered eating behaviors, including bulimia and binge eating (Ashcroft et al, 2008). Emotional eating is positively related to disordered eating attitudes such as, weight concern (Barnhart et al, 2021) and body dissatisfaction (Annesi and Mareno, 2015). Childhood emotional eating has been shown to predict disordered eating behaviors (e.g., binge eating; Allen et al, 2008) and increased adiposity up to 4 years later (Shriver et al, 2019). To maintain consistency with the literature, this study focuses on eating in response to negative emotions

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