Abstract
Background
 Inguinal hernia, paraumbilical hernia and incisional hernias are common abdominal wall hernias commonly encountered in surgical practice. Smoking, straining during micturition and / or defaecation, heavy manual work, chronic obstructive airway disease and obesity are some of the recognized predisposing factors for abdominal wall hernias in adults.
 Objective
 The aim of the study is to analyse prevalence of the common risk factors of abdominal hernias among adults of both genders.
 Methodology
 This is an institutional based cross sectional analytic study carried out in adult patients with abdominal hernias registered at a surgical clinic, Teaching Hospital, Jaffna, from January 2018 to December 2020. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from the patients. Data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. P value
Highlights
Inguinal hernia, paraumbilical hernia and incisional hernias are common abdominal wall hernias encountered in surgical practice
Among the 218 patients, 119 patients [54.6%] had an inguinal hernia, 80 [36.7%] had a paraumbilical hernia and 19 [8.7%] had an incisional hernia. 36 [16.5%] patients did not have any of the predisposing factors whereas 80 [36.7%] patients had a single predisposing factor and the remaining 102[46.8%] patients had multiple predisposing factors. 58 [26.6%] had the habit of smoking. 43 patients [19.8%] gave a history of straining during defecation and/or micturition and 49 patients [22.5%] suffered from chronic obstructive airway diseases. 98 patients [45.0%] were heavy manual workers and 98 [45.0%] were obese
Our study reveals, predisposing factors such as smoking, straining during defecation/ micturition, heavy manual work and chronic obstructive airway disease were more common with inguinal hernia while obesity was found more in common with a paraumbilical hernia
Summary
Paraumbilical hernia and incisional hernias are common abdominal wall hernias encountered in surgical practice. Smoking, straining during micturition and/or defaecation, heavy manual work, chronic obstructive airway disease and obesity are some of the recognized predisposing factors for abdominal wall hernias in adults. Protrusion of a viscous or part of a viscous can take place from the peritoneal cavity through the weakened area or defect in the abdominal wall [1, 2]. Incisional hernia and paraumbilical hernia are common types of abdominal wall hernias encountered in surgical practice [3]. Smoking cigarettes, straining during defecation and micturition, heavy manual work, chronic obstructive airway disease [COPD] and obesity are commonly found predisposing factors among patients with abdominal wall hernias[4]. Identifying the prevalence of these predisposing factors among the types of abdominal wall hernias help for community health education about the prevention of hernias but is useful to take measures to prevent recurrent hernias
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