Abstract
Introduction. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is susceptible to infestation with an associated complex of different species of parasitic and saprophytic nematodes, bacteria, fungi, and arthropods, which diminish the quality of the product. Material and methods. 10 varieties of potatoes were investigated (Agata, Albastriu-mov, Bella rosa, Concorde, Desiree, Irga, Iagodca, Roko, Romano, Sprinter), cultivated on the territory of the Republic of Moldova. The extraction of nematodes and mites was performed using the Baermann funnels, modified by Nesterov.Results. Multiannual researches on the degree of potato infestation have shown that tubers are preferred by various arthropods (Acaridae), Agriothes spp. (Elateridae), Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, (Grillotalpidae) and Sciaridae spp . (Sciaridae), which form different interactions with the parasitic nematodes of tubers (Ditylenchus destructor, D. dipsaci).Conclusions. Solanum tuberosum infested by parasitic nematodes D. destructor in association with saprophytic nematodes and dry rot are colonized by nematophag ous (mites – 80%) and phytophagous arthropods (wireworms – 40%; mole cricket – 50%; flies – 40%). Among the researched arthropods, Rhizoglyphus echinopus were more frequently found, which together with other species actively consume the primary and secondary parasitic nematodes, their mortality constituting up to 90%. In the traumatized by some arthropods potatoes, with the soil, secondary parasitic nematodes, also penetrate, carrying bacterial and fungal infections, subsequently stimulating the total rot of potato tubers.
Highlights
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is susceptible to infestation with an associated complex of different species of parasitic and saprophytic nematodes, bacteria, fungi, and arthropods, which diminish the quality of the product
Nematodes associated with rot It was determined that all the potatoes varieties collected during the autumn-winter-spring periods were infested with parasitic nematodes Ditylenchus destructor in combination with D. dipsaci, saprophytic nematodes, bacteria and fungi
Nematophagous arthropods – mites It was established that the studied potatoes tubers (Agata, Albastriu-mov, Bella rosa, Concorde, Desiree, Irga, Iagodca, Roko, Romano, Sprinter) infested with parasitic nematodes D. destructor, Ditylenchus Ditylenchus dipsaci Saprophytic destructor nematodes
Summary
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is susceptible to infestation with an associated complex of different species of parasitic and saprophytic nematodes, bacteria, fungi, and arthropods, which diminish the quality of the product. Solanum tuberosum infested by parasitic nematodes D. destructor in association with saprophytic nematodes and dry rot are colonized by nematophagous (mites – 80%) and phytophagous arthropods (wireworms – 40%; mole cricket – 50%; flies – 40%). Because the tubers are susceptible to infestation with an associated complex of different species of parasitic and saprophytic nematodes, bacteria, fungi, and arthropods, it is important to know their impact on the host organism. Primary parasitic nematode Ditylenchus destructor (Thorne, 1945) creates pathways in tubers for secondary parasitic invertebrates such as: saprophytic nematodes, bacterial and fungal infections, these being vectors of infections for susceptible potato varieties. In the Republic of Belarus, in all agro-climatic zones, there have been cases of crop loss of up to 43%, due to infestation with the D. destructor nematode of food and seed potatoes [3]
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