Abstract
Consumption of mugilids is widespread in Senegal, especially in the estuaries, where there production is of economic importance. The prevalence, mean intensity and pathologic effects of Anisakis sp. and Contracaecum sp. larvae which infected mugilids from Senegalese estuaries were investigated. In 2009, individuals of mugilids belonging to 6 and 5 species were trapped from the estuaries of Saloum, Senegal and Casamance rivers respectively. The prevalence and mean intensity of Anisakis sp. and Contracaecum sp. are higher in Senegal and Saloum estuaries respectively. The increase in the load of Contracaecum sp., related to the season in L. falcipinnis, the season, the size, the weight and/or the sex in M. cephalus from the estuaries of Saloum and Senegal and M. curema from Saloum estuary were due to an accumulation of parasites over time. Liver, kidney, body cavity and mesentery and ovaries are the respective sites of infection of Anisakis sp. and Contracaecum sp. larvae. The immune response observed is the formation of a fibrous capsule surrounding the parasites with melanin granules all around the capsule. The implementation of the capsule and the presence of melanin granules suggest the involvement of lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils and macrophages. The lesions caused by Anisakis sp. and Contracaecum sp. larval settlement in target organs may cause the death of the host and/or a reduction in fertility.
Highlights
Species of the family Mugilidae commonly known as mugilids are permanent and often abundant coastal, estuarine or lagoon fish
Ecological parameters prevalence and mean intensity of Anisakis sp. and/or Contracaecum sp. larvae parasites of L. dumerili, L. grandisquamis, M. bananensis, M. cephalus and M. curema are summarized in the tables 1 to 6 below
The prevalence of Anisakis sp. recorded in the estuary of the Senegal river is higher than that found in estuaries of the Saloum and Casamance rivers whatever the host species
Summary
Species of the family Mugilidae commonly known as mugilids are permanent and often abundant coastal, estuarine or lagoon fish. Popular, their economic importance is great and they are often the subject of specialized fisheries (Albaret and Legendre, 1985; Albieri et al, 2010; Wang et al, 2010; Durand et al, 2012). Nematode larvae in individual Anisakidae larvae have infected several species of marine, freshwater and brackish water fish including M. cephalus. The presence of larvae Anisakidae in fish may reduce their quality and be dangerous for consumers. In Africa, histopathological studies in fish from several families have been made but investigations on the effect of Anisakidae on mugilids are a first in Africa, especially in Senegal
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