Parasites of the Wheat-stem Sawfly,Cephus pygmaeus, Linnaeus, in England

Abstract

For a number of years the western grass-stem sawfly,Cephus cinctus, Norton, has been accounted one of the major insect pests of wheat in Western Canada. Originally a grass-feeder, it began to attack wheat about the beginning of the present century, at first only occasionally and at the edges of fields in Manitoba, later much more commonly and with a very wide distribution throughout the wheat-growing areas of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta. While this sawfly was confined to native grasses it was held in check by two principal factors (Criddle, 1922) : shortage of grass stalks suitable for oviposition, and parasites. When, however, it began to attack wheat, both of these restraints were evaded. In the first place the wheat fields provided an abundance of host-plants. In the second place, the natural parasites of the sawfly did not move with it into the grain fields—whether they are unaware of the presence of their host in wheat plants or are unable to attack it in that situation is unknown.