PARASITES AS BIOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS IN FOOD PRODUCTION

Abstract

In the Ryazan region over the past 10 years there has been a tendency to increase the number of cases of parasitosis, which reached 26899 cases. Considering the specifics of parasites, it is necessary to regularly monitor information about biological risk factors in order to prevent or minimize the risk situation based on the collection and analysis of information on the morphophysiological characteristics of pathogens. Normative and technical documentation, medical statistics, scientific articles and manuals were studied as materials for the analysis. To biohelminthoses, peroral zoonoses, are echinococcosis (hydatid and alveolar), opisthorchiasis, fascioliasis and trichinosis. Geohelminthoses, oral anthroponoses, are Ascariasis and trichocephalesis. To geohelminthoses with percutaneous method of infestation (larvae penetrate through the skin or mucous membranes by contact with contaminated soil, water, aquatic plants), anthroponoses include strongyloidiasis. To the group of pathogenic helminths infections, oral anthroponoses are hymenolepiasis and enterobiasis. High sensitivity to physical influences typical of eggs Hymenolepis nana, tissue stages of Toxoplasma gondii; the average for eggs and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis, Enterobius vermicularis eggs, plerocercoids of tapeworms of the genus Diphyllobothrium; low – for cysts Entamoeba histolytica and Lamblia intestinalis, metacercarial Opisthorchis spp. and helminth eggs of the subfamily Echinococcinae, Trichocephalus trichiuris, Ascaris lumbricoides, Fasciola spp., oocysts of Toxoplasma gondii; very low – for oocysts Cryptosporidium parvum, larvae of helminths of Trichinella, eggs Taeniarhynchus saginatus and Taenia solium. To ensure food safety, it is necessary to analyze not only the biological risks that cause human diseases, but also veterinary, raw materials, technological and risks that arise at the stages of production and sale of finished products.