Abstract
Parasitic Infections Helminths—a broad grouping of parasitic worms—infect billions of people and are known to modulate host immune responses to promote their own survival. De Ruiter et al. used mass cytometry to determine which immune cells are affected by helminth infection. They analyzed samples from rural Indonesians before and after deworming treatment. These were compared to samples from Europeans and urban Indonesians, neither of which had been exposed to helminths. Helminths expanded specific type 2 and regulatory immune cells, and many immune alterations reverted upon deworming. These details on host–pathogen interaction could inform future targeted therapies. Sci. Transl. Med. 12 , eaaw3703 (2020).
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