Abstract
Paraneoplastic neurologic disorders are rare diseases that occur as a remote effect of cancer. Paraneoplastic syndrome may affect any portion of the nervous system, causing either diffuse or focal neurologic dysfunction. However, peripheral neuropathy is one of the most frequently encountered. Subacute sensory neuropathy, which usually occurs in patients with a previously undiscovered small‐cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), is believed to result from an immune reaction against a protein antigen(s) expressed jointly by neurons and tumor cells. Anti‐Hu antibodies are highly‐specific diagnostic markers for paraneoplastic sensory neuropathy/encephalomyelitis, which is nearly always associated with SCLC. Strong evidence suggests a pathogenic role for anti‐Hu antibodies.Peripheral nerve disorders also occur with lymphoma and plasma cell dyscrasia. I shall briefly review the neuropathies observed in association with malignant dyscrasia, such as multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma, lymphoproliferative diseases, and amyloidosis.Finally, peripheral neuropathy is an important and potentially dose‐limiting complication of the new chemotherapeutic agents, which are often used in treating solid tumors.
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