Abstract
A simple electrochemical deposition technique is used to synthesize both two-dimensional (nanowall) and one-dimensional (nanowire) ZnO nanostructures on indium-tin-oxide-coated glass substrates at 70°C. By fine-tuning the deposition conditions, particularly the initial Zn(NO3)2·6H2O electrolyte concentration, the mean ledge thickness of the nanowalls (50–100 nm) and the average diameter of the nanowires (50–120 nm) can be easily varied. The KCl supporting electrolyte used in the electrodeposition also has a pronounced effect on the formation of the nanowalls, due to the adsorption of Cl− ions on the preferred (0001) growth plane of ZnO and thereby redirecting growth on the (100) and (20) planes. Furthermore, evolution from the formation of ZnO nanowalls to formation of nanowires is observed as the KCl concentration is reduced in the electrolyte. The crystalline properties and growth directions of the as-synthesized ZnO nanostructures are studied in details by glancing-incidence X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.
Highlights
A simple electrochemical deposition technique is used to synthesize both two-dimensional and one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures on indium-tin-oxide-coated glass substrates at 70°C
The electrodeposited ZnO nanostructures are extensively characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), glancing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
In a separate set of experiments, we systematically reduced the concentration of KCl while keeping the Zn(NO3)2Á6H2O concentration constant, in order to determine the effect of KCl concentration on the morphology of ZnO nanostructures
Summary
A simple electrochemical deposition technique is used to synthesize both two-dimensional (nanowall) and one-dimensional (nanowire) ZnO nanostructures on indium-tin-oxide-coated glass substrates at 70°C. By finetuning the deposition conditions, the initial Zn(NO3)2Á6H2O electrolyte concentration, the mean ledge thickness of the nanowalls (50–100 nm) and the average diameter of the nanowires (50–120 nm) can be varied.
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