Abstract
Simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing pulses are created using parametric pulse shaping and characterized with scanning SEA TADPOLE. Multiple foci are created with optically-controlled longitudal and transverse spatial positions. The characterized foci are in agreement with the predictions of a Fourier optics model. The measurements reveal significant pulse front tilt resulting from the simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing optics.
Highlights
Acquiring a high resolution image in the shortest amount of time is desirable for many applications including whole cell analysis, materials characterization, optical sectioning, and tomography
We demonstrate that multiple longitudinal foci can be generated in the simultaneous spatial and temporal focusing (SSTF) apparatus by combining parametric pulse shaping with SSTF through independent manipulation of the second order phase in each pulse comprising the pulse train
The scanning domain could be extended to three dimensions using a two dimensional liquid crystal modulator in our pulse shaper. This setup would be comparable to the three dimensional scanning offered by a series of acousto-optic deflectors [6] with the additional benefit of spatio-temporal focusing for multiphoton microscopy
Summary
Acquiring a high resolution image in the shortest amount of time is desirable for many applications including whole cell analysis, materials characterization, optical sectioning, and tomography. With SSTF, two photon excitation is highly dependent on the longitudinal position in the focusing beam, essentially occurring at the focal plane This is due to the temporal compression occurring as the pulse approaches the spatial focus, with subsequent stretching after the focus. The excitation of multiple imaging regions has been reported, using wavefront beam shaping of a femtosecond laser pulse with a liquid crystal spatial light modulator followed by a spatio-temporal focusing [5, 15]. The evolution of the spatiotemporal intensities along the focusing beam path are characterized using scanning SEA TADPOLE measurements [16,17,18] This characterization reveals several new features including pulse front tilt and the ability to control both longitudinal and lateral focal spot position. This feature opens the possibility for multiplexed multiphoton microscopy studies and scanning a sample in two dimensions without any moving parts
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