Abstract
Technological optimization of process parameters posses one of the open challenge for fermentative lactic acid (LA) production. Hence optimization of process parameters viz. sugar concentration, pH, biomass, incubation temperature and incubation time for maximizing fermentative lactic acid production from molasses sugar and corn steep liquor as a low cost carbon and nitrogen source, respectively by immobilized Lactobacillus casei MTCC 1423 cells has been carried out using Box Behnken Design (BBD). By applying multiple regressions on experimental data, quadratic models have been realized, explaining role of each variable and their quadratic interaction on LA production, LA productivity and yield coefficient. Analysis of variance has demonstrated that models are significant. The maximum LA production (132 g/(L fermentor volume) ), LA productivity of 2.36 g/(L×h) and yield coefficient of 0.936 g/(g substrate) have been estimated by the quadratic regression model for optimum process parameters values of sugar concentration (194 g/L), pH (6.85), biomass (310 mg, CDW), incubation temperature (37°C) and incubation time (57 h). The optimization validated experiments had resulted in LA production of 130±2.1 g/(L fermentor volume) ; LA productivity of 2.28±0.037 g/(L×h) and yield coefficient of 0.921±0.003 g/(g substrate) and which are substantially higher than those obtained with free cells of Lb. casei MTCC 1423 (2%, v/v inoculums size) at obtained optimized process parameters values. Thus resulted quadratic models provided an opportunity for scaling up the lactic acid production process and demonstrated the economic potential of using agro industrial waste molasses sugar for lactic acid production by Lb. casei MTCC 1423.
Highlights
IntroductionLactic acid (LA) is GRAS (generally recognized as safe) grade one, being declared safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration
Lactic acid (LA) is GRAS grade one, being declared safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration
Its market demand has been increased manifold since naturally producing lactic acid acts as feedstock for biocompatible and bioabsorbable Poly lactic acid (PLA) which has a widespread variety of applications and is an effective alternative to petrochemical plastics leading to a considerable diminution in carbon dioxide net emission [2, 3]
Summary
Lactic acid (LA) is GRAS (generally recognized as safe) grade one, being declared safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration. One of the functional, valuable and versatile compounds has been utilized globally for synthesizing various compounds in food, textile, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and chemical industries [1]. Lactic acid can be produced on industrial scale by fermentation or chemical synthesis method. Fermentative lactic acid production, a green method has attained a remarkable place worldwide attributed to the escalating global energy and environmental issues. Microbial conversion of renewable raw materials into valuable compounds has become an important objective in industrial biotechnology. It offers an advantage in terms of low production temperature, low energy consumption, etc. It offers an advantage in terms of low production temperature, low energy consumption, etc. [2]
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