Abstract
This work presents a parametric investigation on flow and mixing in a chaotic micromixer consisting of two-layer crossing channels proposed by Xia et al. (Lab Chip 5: 748–755, 2005). The flow and mixing performance were numerically analyzed using commercially available software ANSYS CFX-15.0, which solves the Navier–Stokes and mass conservation equations with a diffusion–convection model in a Reynolds number range from 0.2 to 40. A mixing index based on the variance of the mass fraction of the mixture was employed to evaluate the mixing performance of the micromixer. The flow structure in the channel was also investigated to identify the relationship with mixing performance. The mixing performance and pressure-drop were evaluated with two dimensionless geometric parameters, i.e., ratios of the sub-channel width to the main channel width and the channels depth to the main channel width. The results revealed that the mixing index at the exit of the micromixer increases with increase in the channel depth-to-width ratio, but decreases with increase in the sub-channel width to main channel width ratio. And, it was found that the mixing index could be increased up to 0.90 with variations of the geometric parameters at Re = 0.2, and the pressure drop was very sensitive to the geometric parameters.
Highlights
The exponential demand for miniaturization in microfluidic applications highlights the significance of understanding the mechanism that controls mixing of fluid species at the microscale stage
This work presents a parametric investigation on flow structure and mixing in a micromixer with two-layer crossing channels which was reported by Xia et al (2005)
The mixing index along with pressure-drop have been examined in terms of two geometric parameters related to subchannel width and depth, i.e., Wc/H and D/H, respectively, at various Reynolds numbers in a range from 0.2 to 40
Summary
The exponential demand for miniaturization in microfluidic applications highlights the significance of understanding the mechanism that controls mixing of fluid species at the microscale stage. A parametric study of a modified Tesla structure was conducted by Hossain et al (2010a, b) for a wide Reynolds number range from 0.05 to 40 with two geometric parameters. A staggered overlapping crisscross micromixer based on chaotic mixing principles was designed and fabricated by Wang and Yang (2006) Their numerical and experimental results show that the micromixer can generate chaotic flows to stretch and fold the fluid streams rapidly. At very low Reynolds numbers, the proposed micromixers can manipulate the flow by splitting-and-recombining and stretching-and-folding which generate chaotic advection, and significantly enhance the mixing. As the generation of chaotic advection does not depend on the inertial forces of fluids, the proposed micromixers worked well especially at low Reynolds number (Re = 0.2). The continuity and Navier–Stokes equations of fluid mixture solved in this work are represented as follows: Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the micromixer with two-layer crossing channels and relevant parameters
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