Abstract
Buildings and structures are complex systems having predetermined parameters, which should be controlled in the process of manufacturing structures, construction and installation. In some cases, oscillations are the most dangerous effects on the buildings and structures. Significant alternate stresses caused by oscillational actions leads to accumulation of damage in the material. It causes the appearance of fatigue cracks and destruction. In addition to fatigue failure in mechanical systems there are other phenomena that cause changes in the structure of the surface layers of the parts to be joined and consequently the reduction of the frictional force in the joint. The object of the study is a multi-storey building having a rectangular shape in plane. Structural scheme of the building is a two spans frame. The frame of the building consists of monolithic reinforced concrete structures. According to the analysis of the basic diagnostic parameters of the technical condition of buildings and structures, affect their stability and reliability are geometrical parameters of buildings and structures, and their main structural elements, as well as physical and mechanical parameters of structural elements of building and dynamic parameters of buildings and structures. An analysis of methods for determining the dynamic parameters of buildings has shown that the main criteria for assessing the technical condition of bearing structures, using the dynamic method, is the period and frequency building oscillation. Dynamic tests were conducted to determine the dynamic and rigid characteristics of bearing structural elements of the building and structures, detection of hidden defects. According to the method of measuring the dynamic parameters, the degree of damage to a building or structure, is determined by the comparison of the design values of dynamic parameters, periods of eigenoscillations, and the decrement of oscillations with experimentally obtained data.
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