PARAMETERS RELATIONSHIP OF THE FACIAL AND CEREBRAL PARTS OF THE SKULL AND THE POSTERIOR FOSSA

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the parameters of the facial and brain bones of the skull and the structures of the posterior cranial fossa. The most important area of medical craniology remains the complex study of the typical variability of skull structures and formations and the regularity of their interrelationships in general. These include the posterior fossa with its brain regions and vascular communications. The morphology of the posterior fossa was studied on 13 passport turtles of adults from the collection of the fundamental museum of the Department of Clinical Anatomy, Anatomy and Operative Surgery of the Dnipro State Medical University. To solve the problems, a complex of craniometric methods was used. Craniometric studies of the posterior cranial fossa, the base of the skull, were performed with a thick compass with a millimetre scale and a technical calliper with a fi ssion price of 0.01 mm, according to the standard craniology procedure. For statistical processing of data obtained as a result of craniometry the method of complex statistical analysis is applied, which includes modern methods of mathematical analysis: variation, correlation, factor and regression. Statistical analysis of the posterior fossa showed no signifi cant gender and age diff erences. The obtained data can be used both in theoretical medicine and in practical medicine, in particular in neurosurgery, to determine the volume of the posterior cranial fossa by the external size of the facial and cerebral regions of the skull. In our work, measurements were made of the skeletal structures of the posterior cranial fossa in the plane of the Frankfurt horizontal along the external dimensions of the facial and cerebral areas of the skull. The morphometric traits of «close» posterior cranial fossa (posterior cranial fossa) have been highlighted as increasing the ratio of the brain matter volume of the posterior cranial fossa to its bone volume. Craniometrically, the volume of the posterior cranial fossa has been determined to be between 110 and 218 cm3, averaging 158 cm3 with a statistical deviation of 19.14. The volume of the posterior cranial fossa in adults ranges from 140 to 230 cm3, with an average of 178 cm3. The posterior fossa volume of 178 cm3 is an indication of a «close» posterior cranial fossa. Studies of the correlation between the facial and posterior cranial lobes have shown that the posterior fossa correlates to varying degrees with individual facial size. As a result of research, V truncated cone, V ellipsoid and V cut of ball were determined. The V ellipsoid ranged from a minimum of 138,662 to a maximum of 225,688 cm3, V truncated cone from 111,562 to 169,455 cm3; the V cut of the ball from 83,694 to 192,06 cm3.