PARAMETERS FOLIAGE APPLE-tree DEPENDING ON THE TERM of the CONTOUR PRUNING

Abstract

The purpose of researches is improving the performance of leaf apparatus. The study scientifically substantiated and proved that leaf apparatus of apple trees in the first place depends on a methods and terms of crown pruning. Pruning was cut in winter or in winter and early summer (for 10 leaves on growth) manually (control), with the formation of the fruit wall of 0.8 m width in a lower part and 0.5 m in a top part, annual shortening increment on the periphery of crown, and contour with the manual completion. Study periods contour pruning started in the spring of 2011 from 18 variants a fourfold repetition of variants with five accounting trees on a plot of planting with varieties Golden Delicious and Jonaveld with spindle crown in Uman National University of Horticulture in 1995 landing on rootstock M9 T337 scheme 4x1 m. The system of the content of the soil between rows of sod in tree trunks bands - herbicide couples; drip irrigation. It was found that the pruning contour (with manual completion) leaf apple sorts Golden Delicious and Jonaveld in irrigated garden on rootstock M.9 14% thicker, and its execution in early summer leaf area and leaf surface increase of 6%. Method trimming a significant effect on leaf area (impact factor 74%), foliage of trees (57) and the thickness of the leaf blade (46), and the term of pruning - on the area of the leaf blade (12%).