Parameters Development for Optimum Deposition Rate in Laser DMD of Stainless Steel EN X3CrNiMo13-4

Mohammad Dalaee,Christian Leinenbach,Indira Dey,Eduardo Cerrutti,Konrad Wegener

doi:10.1007/s40516-021-00161-3

Abstract

Laser Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) has been developed as a manufacturing process to deposit coatings on existing materials and proves advantageous in Additive Manufacturing (AM) of complex and precise components. However, it is necessary to carefully determine the proper process parameter combinations to make this method economically viable for industries. The intent of this study is to address enhancement in productivity of laser DMD of stainless steel EN X3CrNiMo13-4. Accordingly, the effects of the main laser process parameters of laser power P, scan speed v, powder flow rate dot{mathrm{m}}, and spot diameter s on track geometries and build-up rate are discussed. The regression analysis is conducted to derive correlations between the combined set of main parameters and deposition rate. The results show a good linear regression correlation of R2 >0.9 for the geometrical characteristic of aspect ratio, dilution, and deposition rate. The constructed processing map, using linear regression equations, presents proper process parameters selection in connection with deposition rate, aspect ratio, and dilution rate.

Highlights

In Laser Direct Metal Deposition (DMD), the laser beam melts the powder feedstock and a thin layer of the metallic substrate and generates a melt pool of powder and substrate materials
The results show a good linear regression correlation of R2 >0.9 for the geometrical characteristic of aspect ratio, dilution, and deposition rate
Singh et al [6] presented a comprehensive review of key technologies used for powder feedstock handling in laser DMD, including types of powder feed nozzles and their advantages and limitations

Summary

Introduction

In Laser Direct Metal Deposition (DMD), the laser beam melts the powder feedstock and a thin layer of the metallic substrate and generates a melt pool of powder and substrate materials. A layer of metal is deposited on the substrate during relative movement between the substrate and the laser nozzle [1, 2]. Singh et al [6] presented a comprehensive review of key technologies used for powder feedstock handling in laser DMD, including types of powder feed nozzles and their advantages and limitations. The required laser power depends on the material properties and the targeted deposition rate. The first and crucial step in this subject is to set the main processing parameters to obtain optimum parameter combinations, resulting in a maximum achievable deposition rate for the specific laser power

Methods

Results

Conclusion