Parameterization for Neutrino Mixing Matrix with Deviated Unitarity

Abstract

Neutrino oscillation experiments provide the first evidence on non-zero neutrino masses and indicate new physics beyond the standard model. With Majorana neutrinos introduced to acquire tiny neutrino masses, it leads to the existence of more than three neutrino species, implying that the ordinary neutrino mixing matrix is only a part of the whole extended unitary mixing matrix and thus no longer unitary. We give a parameterization for a non-unitary neutrino mixing matrix under seesaw framework and further present a method to test the unitarity of the ordinary neutrino mixing matrix.