Parameter Simulation and Design of an Airborne Hyperspectral Imaging LiDAR System

Liyong Qian,Shalei Song,Shuo Shi,Wei Gong,Dong Liu,Le Wang,Decheng Wu

doi:10.3390/rs13245123

Abstract

With continuous technological development, the future development trend of LiDAR in the field of remote sensing and mapping is to obtain the elevation and spectral information of ground targets simultaneously. Airborne hyperspectral imaging LiDAR inherits the advantages of active and passive remote sensing detection. This paper presents a simulation method to determine the design parameters of an airborne hyperspectral imaging LiDAR system. In accordance with the hyperspectral imaging LiDAR equation and optical design principles, the atmospheric transmission model and the reflectance spectrum of specific ground targets are utilized. The design parameters and laser emission spectrum of the hyperspectral LiDAR system are considered, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is obtained through simulation. Without considering the effect of detector gain and electronic amplification on the signal-to-noise ratio, three optical fibers are coupled into a detection channel, and the power spectral density emitted by the supercontinuum laser is simulated by assuming that the signal-to-noise ratio is equal to 1. The power spectral density emitted by the laser must not be less than 15 mW/nm in the shortwave direction. During the simulation process, the design parameters of the hyperspectral LiDAR system are preliminarily demonstrated, and the feasibility of the hyperspectral imaging LiDAR system design is theoretically guaranteed in combination with the design requirements of the supercontinuum laser. The spectral resolution of a single optical fiber of the hyperspectral LiDAR system is set to 2.5 nm. In the actual prototype system, multiple optical fibers can be coupled into a detection channel in accordance with application needs to further improve the signal-to-noise ratio of hyperspectral LiDAR system detection.

Highlights

After nearly half a century of development, Earth observation technology has played an increasingly important role in environmental monitoring, resource exploration, urban planning, forestry investigation, and other fields [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
This study introduces the structure of an airborne hyperspectral imaging LiDAR
This work introduces the basic structure of airborne hyperspectral imaging LiDAR

Summary

Introduction

After nearly half a century of development, Earth observation technology has played an increasingly important role in environmental monitoring, resource exploration, urban planning, forestry investigation, and other fields [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. As the core method of Earth observation, remote sensing has gradually developed into a comprehensive technical system that covers passive multispectral imaging, hyperspectral imaging, active and passive microwave remote sensing, LiDAR remote sensing, and other methods of information acquisition. Realizing full-time, full-band, highresolution Earth observation is important in the development of remote sensing technology because it can address many problems in environmental monitoring, urban construction, Remote Sens. Among the main remote sensing technology methods available at present, active In the process of Earth observation, the simultaneous acquisition and identification of spatial elevation and spectral information is a frontier scientific issue for the development of Earth observation technology in the future [10,11,12].

Methods

Results

Conclusion