Abstract
The ultrahigh sensitivity atomic spin magnetometer as the magnetic measurement sensor has received much concern. The performance of the magnetic shielding cylinder is one of the key factors constraining the atomic spin magnetometer’s sensitivity. In order to effectively improve the performances of the magnetic shielding, the parameter optimization models of the magnetic shielding cylinder were established in this paper. Under the condition of changing only one parameter while the others keeping constant, the effects of various parameters influencing the axial shielding coefficient were comprehensively analyzed, and the results showed that the smaller the innermost length, the innermost radius, and the radial spacing were, and the greater the axial spacing was, the better the shielding performance could be obtained. According to these results and the actual needs, the magnetic shielding cylinder was optimally designed, and then the shielding effects were simulated via the software Ansoft. The simulation results showed that the optimized magnetic shielding cylinder had the advantages of small size, high shielding performance, and lager uniformity than that of the nonoptimized one. The actual measurement results showed that the residual magnetism in the optimized magnetic shielding cylinder was below 0.1 nT, which was 2~4 times lower than the nonoptimized one.
Highlights
The ultrasensitive magnetometers are widely used in many disciplines, such as basic physics [1,2,3,4], biology [5, 6], medical imaging [7, 8], and material science and geography [9, 10]
With the intensive study of the atomic spin theory and the rapid developments of quantum control technology and photoelectric detection technology, the ultrahigh sensitivity spin-exchange relaxation free (SERF) [11,12,13] atomic magnetometer emerges as the times require
The material objects of the nonoptimization magnetic shielding, which is used in the first generation SERF atomic spin magnetometer, and the optimization one, which will be used in the second generation magnetometer, are shown in Figures 7(a) and 7(b), respectively
Summary
The ultrasensitive magnetometers are widely used in many disciplines, such as basic physics [1,2,3,4], biology [5, 6], medical imaging [7, 8], and material science and geography [9, 10]. The SERF atomic spin magnetometer is a magnetic field measurement device, which is based on the hyperfine levels atomic transition and works at the environment with a weak magnetic field [14]. A closed cylindrical shell of finite length magnetic shielding is used in the SERF atomic spin magnetometer to insulate the magnetic field interference. Aiming at the problem of the atomic spin magnetometer’s sensitivity being restricted by the magnetic shielding cylinder, the parameter optimization method and models for the magnetic shielding cylinder were proposed and established, respectively, under the condition of comprehensively considering the various factors affecting the shielding performance. Through the finite element analysis software, the shielding effects of the optimized and the nonoptimized magnetic shielding cylinder were simulated, respectively, and the optimization model and the simulation results were verified by experiments
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