Parameter estimation of ground moving targets in synthetic aperture radar systems based on vortex echo data

Abstract

Ground Moving Target Indication is a critical field within synthetic aperture radar (SAR) research, as traditional SAR images are defocused and displaced due to the target’s trajectory-direction velocity and radial velocity, respectively. Therefore, an accurate estimation of the target’s motion parameters is required. This study introduces a two-dimensional method for estimating target motion parameters using vortex SAR. It utilises the Bessel magnitude and spatial phase term from vortex echo data to calculate the pitch and azimuth angle, from which the motion parameters of ground slow-motion targets are derived. The proposed algorithm operates faster and has a lower computational cost than the traditional parameter estimation algorithm. Its efficacy was confirmed through simulation experiments and mean square error analysis of the estimated parameters.