Abstract

This paper is concerned with a numerical procedure to estimate two parameters, amplitude modification factor α and propagation order of distance β, for electromagnetic (EM) propagation in complicated natural environments such as random rough surface (RRS). These two parameters are key parameters when we simulate field distributions along various types of RRS based on 1-ray model. We assume that the former parameter α can be evaluated by the visual planar angles of illuminated lines in case of 1D RRS and by the visual solid angles of illuminated planes in case of 2D RRS. We also assume that the latter parameter β can be estimated not only by base station (BS) antenna height, similar to Okumura-Hata model simulating EM propagation in urban and suburban areas, but also by mobile station (MS) antenna height. In order to demonstrate validity of the proposed parameter estimation, we compare the numerical field distributions obtained by the 1-ray model using estimated two parameters with those computed by discrete ray tracing method (DRTM) which is an effective EM field solver. It is shown that both numerical results are in good agreement.

Highlights

  • Demands for wireless communications, such as cellular phones, wireless local area networks (LAN), ad hoc networks as well as sensor networks, have been rapidly increasing

  • We review the 1-ray and 2-ray models characterized by introducing amplitude modification factor α and propagation order of distance β

  • We have discussed two propagation parameters, amplitude modification factor α and propagation order of distance β, which play an important role for estimating communication distance in complicated propagation environments

Read more

Summary

Introduction

Demands for wireless communications, such as cellular phones, wireless local area networks (LAN), ad hoc networks as well as sensor networks, have been rapidly increasing. We have introduced 1-ray and 2-ray models from which we can estimate electric field distributions in many complicated propagation environments by using two parameters, amplitude modification factor α and propagation order of distance β [2,3]. The amplitude modification factor α, on the other hand, might be strongly associated with the height deviation dv and correlation length cl of RRS In this context, it is significant to propose a procedure to estimate α by introducing equivalent planar or solid angle of illuminated regions of RRS and β by using the field matching factor γ numerically [5,6]. We propose tentative analytical expressions for estimating α and β, and we show some numerical examples for electric field distributions to demonstrate validity of the proposed method

Field expressions
Communication distance
Path loss for propagation in urban areas
Estimation of α and β for propagation along RRS
Numerical examples
Conclusion
Solid angle

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call

Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.