Abstract
The natural convection thermal behavior with high Rayleigh number was important in many industrial situations accompanied by internal heating, strong turbulence and solidification process. Experiments were carried out to investigate natural convection thermal characteristics in internally heated pool. Both water and nitrate were selected as simulant materials. The pool temperature along height, heat flux and crust thickness along polar angle were obtained from experiments. The effects of heating power density, pool height, crust solidification, cooling boundary were investigated. Moreover, the geometry effect of 2D and 3D were investigated based on the CFD simulation. The crust formation resulted in higher heat transfer on top with the largest heat flux ratio of 2.4 in nitrate cases and only 1.9 in water cases, indicating that the relationship without solidification applied in system codes may lead to lower peak heat flux at pool top. The Nudn increased exponentially and the Nudn from nitrate tests were higher than those from water tests with larger temperature gap Tmax-Tint. The cooling effectiveness of 3D hemispherical pool was 1.5 times that of 2D slice pool. However, the Nudn from hemispherical simulation was 24.06% higher than the COPRA relation prediction. The application of two-dimensional results needs consideration of geometry extrapolation for further application.
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