Abstract
The General Curvilinear Coastal Ocean Model (GCCOM) is a 3D curvilinear, structured-mesh, non-hydrostatic, large-eddy simulation model that is capable of running oceanic simulations. GCCOM is an inherently computationally expensive model: it uses an elliptic solver for the dynamic pressure; meter-scale simulations requiring memory footprints on the order of 10 12 cells and terabytes of output data. As a solution for parallel optimization, the Fortran-interfaced Portable–Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation (PETSc) library was chosen as a framework to help reduce the complexity of managing the 3D geometry, to improve parallel algorithm design, and to provide a parallelized linear system solver and preconditioner. GCCOM discretizations are based on an Arakawa-C staggered grid, and PETSc DMDA (Data Management for Distributed Arrays) objects were used to provide communication and domain ownership management of the resultant multi-dimensional arrays, while the fully curvilinear Laplacian system for pressure is solved by the PETSc linear solver routines. In this paper, the framework design and architecture are described in detail, and results are presented that demonstrate the multiscale capabilities of the model and the parallel framework to 240 cores over domains of order 10 7 total cells per variable, and the correctness and performance of the multiphysics aspects of the model for a baseline experiment stratified seamount.
Highlights
As computational modeling and its resources becomes ubiquitous, numerical solutions to complex equations can be solved with increasing resolution and accuracy
In atmospheric and ocean studies, one of the major challenges is the simulation of coastal ocean dynamics due to the vast range of length and time scales required: tidal processes and oceanic currents happen in fractions of days; wavelengths are scale lengths of kilometers; mixing and turbulence events need to be resolved at the meter or submeter scale; and time resolution is in terms of years to minutes or seconds
General Curvilinear Coastal Ocean Model (GCCOM) features include: an embedded fully 3D curvilinear transformation, which makes it uniquely equipped to handle non-convex features in every direction including along the vertical axis [2]; a full 3D curvilinear Laplacian operator that solve a 3D nonhydrostatic pressure equation that accurately reproduces features resulting from the interaction of currents and steep bathymetries; and ability to calculate solutions from the sub-meter to the kilometer ranges in one simulation
Summary
As computational modeling and its resources becomes ubiquitous, numerical solutions to complex equations can be solved with increasing resolution and accuracy. As more variables and processes are taken into account, and spatial and temporal resolutions are increased to model real field-scale events, models become more complex yet resource efficiency remains an important requirement. In atmospheric and ocean studies, one of the major challenges is the simulation of coastal ocean dynamics due to the vast range of length and time scales required: tidal processes and oceanic currents happen in fractions of days; wavelengths are scale lengths of kilometers; mixing and turbulence events need to be resolved at the meter or submeter scale; and time resolution is in terms of years to minutes or seconds. The General Curvilinear Coastal Ocean Model (GCCOM) is a 3D, curvilinear, large-eddy simulation model designed for high-resolution (meter scale) simulations of coastal regions, capable of capturing nonhydrostatic flow dynamics [2]
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