Abstract
In MRI, data are collected in k-space using receiver coils, which can help to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the acquisition. An additional consequence of the use of these arrays is that each individual coil is only sensitive to the portion of the body close to the coil. Parallel imaging is an image reconstruction technique where the k-space data are purposefully undersampled, causing aliasing artifacts, which can be resolved using the spatial information from the receiver coil array. Parallel imaging is often used to accelerate image acquisition or provide high-resolution images without increasing scan time. In this chapter, we will explain the basics of parallel imaging reconstruction. Additionally, several parallel imaging techniques, including SENSE, GRAPPA, SPIRiT, and ESPIRiT, will be described. To conclude, we discuss several variants of these techniques created specifically for volumetric, dynamic, and non-Cartesian acquisition schemes.
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