“Paradoxes of Interdependence and Dependence”: A qualitative study of economic difficulties and relational encounters prior to men’s suicide in Ghana

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose This study aims to explore the relational encounters that are shaped by economic difficulties prior to the suicides of men in Ghana. Method Using a qualitative study design, and with the aid of a semi-structured interview guide, data were collected from 21 close relatives of nine men who took their lives in Ghana. Results/Findings A Reflective Thematic analysis (RTA) showed themes reflecting four relational tensions corresponding to unique demographic profiles and circumstances of economic dependence on others: from dependence to independence; from control to living with and on others; from provider to dependence; and regaining control in a dependent relational context. Conclusion The men’s economic challenges produce paradoxes of interdependence and dependence in that the interdependent social ethic enjoins persons in crises to disclose or seek help from close relations, yet for some men, doing so often draws social taunts, which further taint the social image of these men and contribute to suicides. Increased public education is needed to change unhealthy gender norms that affect men in social and economic adversity. Provision of practical economic support for men in economic and financial adversities is highly recommended.