Abstract
The development of the eyes is a product of the brain; the development of the central visual nerve tract which leads from the eyes to the brain is a product of the eyes and the development of the six extraocular muscles for the oculo-motoric control of the eyes is a further product of the brain. Therefore, the human visual system is a product of the brain and the eyes. Paradoxical constructions are part of the blueprint. These are not self-explanatory and are not immediately recognizable as intelligent solutions. Some of these solutions have been labelled as a ‘malperformance of nature’, others are paradoxically misinterpreted. Some paradoxa are discussed before the grating-optical 'cortical’ information processing in the three nuclear layers of the retina - the ‘brain in the eye’ - are looked at. The paradoxical construction of the visual nerve tract leading via the chiasm of the optic nerves (Chiasma Opticum) to the two CGL (Corpus Geniculatum Laterale) and to V1 (area 17) is based on this. At the same time, the ‘brain in the eye’ becomes the decisive basis of vision and the central visual nerve tract becomes a prominent organ of balance with a sensor and a motor function. Geometric optics and diffractive grating interference Near-field optics play an important part here as do the coordinate systems and the axis-centered symmetry operations.
Highlights
The development of the eyes is a product of the brain; the development of the central visual nerve tract which leads from the eyes to the brain is a product of the eyes and the development of the six extraocular muscles for the oculomotoric control of the eyes is a further product of the brain
Identical to the central axis of the body’s own coordinate system, two complementary hemispheres consisting of neuronal planar epithelium develop in the head part of the embryonic brain where several brain nerves originate at 2.6 mm embryo length
The fact that image stabilization in saccades occurring in the case of a jumpy visual object or shifting views can be guaranteed by the retina and not the cortex [Idrees, 9] becomes even more probable by the possibility that instead of pixel data log-polar concepts of the visual objects can already be developed in the inner nuclear layer
Summary
The following can be considered to be paradoxical constructions: The cortical construction of two complementary hemispheres in the origin of the binocular visual system (1.1), the construction of two axes in each of the two eyes (1.2), the superiority of the development of the three nuclear layers in the retina of the eye before the development of the photo receptors (1.3), the determination of the luminous efficiency peaks of the photo receptors (cones and rods) in daylight and twilight vision (1.4), the development of a monocular depth map in the image space of each eye (1.5), the reduction of the information recipients from the cones (6.5 million) and rods (115 million) in daylight and twilight vision down to approx. 1 million visual nerves (1.6), vision with two eyes which do not add their luminosities (1.7). 1 million visual nerves (1.6), vision with two eyes which do not add their luminosities (1.7). Based on these principles, the ‘brain in the eye’ (2.1) results with the fact that the luminosities of both eyes are not added playing a key role. The gratingoptical diffractive near-field interference optics plays a decisive role in the explanation of vision. The axis-centered scheme of the visual nerves in the central visual nerve tract between both eyes and V1 (2.2) as an organ of balance in vision is discussed here
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